. . . 03 . – () , 30 . . . – – . 19 22 5 23 11 – . , 24 2 25 4 – . . , , . . . 03 . 20 . 2023 , . . , 19 6 25 . , – – 36 . 2023 7…

500 . . . – . – . . () 31 . , . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . , . . 16 . .

500 51 14 12.20 – 32 – 380 , 250 161 20 392 44 – , , , , – – , , – , , , , – 14 – 21 70 70 70% – , , , – 25000 –

. . . . , . , , . 4 . . , . () . , . 2023 2024 20 . . . . . , 16 . . . : 4 . , . , . , . . , , , . , . . , . () . – , ….

. . . (Qian Sanqiang). . 1992 . 1913 . . 1932 , . (Tsinghua University) 50 . . 11 . . . . 1946 (Henri de Parville Award) . . . . 1948 . . . , 1 , 1949 () . , . . . . . . 1955 . . . ….

. , 22 . , , , , . , , . .슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠 슠…

: . . . , , . . . , “ . @INCIndia , 55 . , . . . . , ‘ ’ . I.N.D.I.A. . . . , .

– “ , , —- ” , “ , ” , “ ( ) ” () 3 180 .